Monthly Archives: January 2024

Java, Maven and Gitpod, part 2: Using the IDE

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In a previous post, I showed how to start with Java and Maven in Gitpod.

This is the second post of this series, where I show a few interesting tools provided by the IDE. As I said in the previous post, this might be unrelated to Gitpod since we’re using the tools provided by Visual Studio Code and its Java extensions. However, I think the post still fits the Gitpod Java series.

Of course, this post assumes you have already followed the first post on Java and Gitpod, linked above.

We can enjoy several refactoring tools on Java projects. For example, in the “App.java”, let’s select the “Hello World!” string. We can access the available refactorings on the selected element via the context menu or by using “Ctrl+.” (Quick fix):

Let’s choose “Extract to method”:

The refactoring creates a new method returning the selected expression, and the original expression is replaced by the call to such a new method. We can use the text box to give the method a better name. (“Shift+Enter” will show a preview of the refactoring; however, if you’re used to Eclipse like me, the preview is not as visually appealing and informative as the one of Eclipse.)

Alternatively, we can accept the default name and then position the cursor on one of the “extracted” occurrences and choose F2 (“Rename symbol”) to rename the method and its references. A text box like the one above will appear to specify the name, for example, “getMessage”.

While on the method name, we can see other refactorings (“Inline” is the opposite of “Extract to method”) and actions:

Let’s choose “Change signature” and use the dialog to change a few details. For example, let’s make the method “public” (of course, that’s just an example: we could easily manually change “private” to “public”); if we haven’t renamed the method (e.g., to “getMessage”), we could do that right now with this dialog:

Let’s see what happens in case of a test failure. Now that we have a public method to call it by changing the test like that:

Let’s run the test (e.g., by using the green arrow of the code lens):

As expected, we get the test failure; in particular, we get some information about the failure both on the editor and with an additional pop-up.

Let’s fix the test with the right expected message and re-run it (again, by using the now red cross of the code lens); this time, it should succeed.

Now that we have removed the “assertTrue”, we have an unused import in the test case. We can fix that by manually removing the import, but it’s better to use a fix from the context menu in the “Problems” tab:

Alternatively, we can select the “Organize Imports” command using F1 and start typing or the corresponding shortcut “Shift+Alt+O”.

We can now enrich our project with a README.md file (exploiting the Markdown editor available in Visual Studio Code) and create a GitHub Actions workflow (again, using the YAML support, which knows about the GitHub Actions workflow schema).

For Markdown, we can also use the preview pane:

For the GitHub Actions YAML file, we can use the code completion:

That’s all for this second post. Stay tuned for the third one! 🙂

Oh My Zsh and Powerlevel10k in macOS

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I know there are many blog posts on installing and configuring “Oh My Zsh” and Powerlevel10k (p10k for short) in macOS. However, they are a bit outdated, and the installation/configuration process is now much easier. So, here’s my blog post on installing and configuring Oh My Zsh with Powerlevel10k (p10k for short) in macOS (for Linux, I have already blogged about my Ansible playbook for Oh My Zsh installation with Powerlevel10k or Starship prompt).

Let’s start!

First of all, install iTerm2 (because it provides a much better experience with Oh My Zsh and Powerlevel10k); either download it and install it from here https://iterm2.com/downloads.html or use “homebrew”:

Then, install Oh My Zsh; since I have “curl” installed, I’m using this command (otherwise, see the Oh My Zsh URL for alternative options):

You should see something like the following output (if Zsh is not your current shell, at the end of the installation you’ll get asked whether to switch to Zsh):

Then, we install p10k:

To enable it, edit “~/.zshrc” and set the variable ZSH_THEME accordingly:

Now, either “source” the .zshrc file or open a new instance of iterm2 to see the initial configuration of p10k (remember you can always reconfigure it by running “p10k configure”):

Meslo fonts are recommended to have nice icon fonts, so it’s best to accept the proposal to install the Meslo fonts (in macOS, you have this nice automatic procedure, while in Linux distributions, you must install them manually). Let’s wait for the fonts to be downloaded:

And then, we must restart iterm2:

Now, we start a new iterm2 instance, and we start p10k from scratch, answering the questions for checking whether we can see the font icons correctly:

Then, we can start choosing our preferred options:

I like “Rainbow”.

In the question above, I chose “Unicode” to have lots of nice-looking icons like, as we see in a minute, the Git branch and OS icon.

Above, I chose two lines to have more space on the prompt.

Here are other options you can choose:

Note above the “many icons” I previously talked about (I chose to have many icons).

Note the “Transient Prompt” option, which is the one I prefer.

Here, I select the recommended option.

Again, I let the configuration process change the ~/.zshrc file. You can then inspect the changes made as suggested:

Here’s an example of a nice-looking prompt inside a directory with a GitHub repository:

Now, I have installed two other useful plugins (to have syntax highlighting on the command line and to have suggested commands as you type based on history and completions):

The plug-ins must be enabled in the proper section of ~/.zshrc:

Here, you can see the two plugins in action (note the syntax highlighting in green for correct commands and suggestions to complete the command):

I also like to have fzf, a general-purpose command-line fuzzy finder. This must be first installed as a program, e.g., with homebrew:

And then enable the corresponding plug-in:

I also enable a few more standard plugins. This is my list of plugins in ~/.zshrc:

Fzf has a few default shortcuts:

  • CTRL-T – Paste the selected files and directories onto the command line
  • CTRL-R – Paste the selected command from history onto the command line
  • ALT-C – cd into the selected directory

Unfortunately, the last one (which is one of my favorites) does not work out of the box in iterm2 because the “option/alt” key does not act like “Meta” (as in Linux). This is documented in the FAQ:

Q: How do I make the option/alt key act like Meta or send escape codes?
A: Go to Preferences > Profiles tab. Select your profile on the left, and then open the Keyboard tab. At the bottom is a set of buttons that lets you select the behavior of the Option key. For most users, Esc+ will be the best choice.

If you don’t want to perform that change, you can use “ESC c” to achieve the same result.

That’s all! Enjoy your ZSH 🙂